{"id":1729,"date":"2026-04-22T08:43:45","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T08:43:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fund.southampton.ac.uk\/innovation\/?post_type=case-study&#038;p=1729"},"modified":"2026-04-22T10:07:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T10:07:04","slug":"a-life-out-of-focus-living-with-dementia-that-steals-your-sight","status":"publish","type":"case-study","link":"https:\/\/fund.southampton.ac.uk\/innovation\/blog\/case-study\/a-life-out-of-focus-living-with-dementia-that-steals-your-sight\/","title":{"rendered":"A life out of focus: living with dementia that steals your sight\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the age of 59, Linda Richardson was&nbsp;enjoying&nbsp;her career as a palliative care nurse, looking after&nbsp;people&nbsp;at the end of their lives, a role she had held for&nbsp;nearly 30&nbsp;years. She was&nbsp;spending precious time&nbsp;being a grandmother&nbsp;to&nbsp;her&nbsp;beautiful grandson&nbsp;and living an active lifestyle,&nbsp;walking&nbsp;and socialising with friends.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But then she&nbsp;started to&nbsp;experience double vision. Trips to the opticians resulted in changing&nbsp;her glasses&nbsp;prescriptions, but&nbsp;things&nbsp;didn\u2019t&nbsp;improve.&nbsp;In 2022, following a hip replacement, an operation which went smoothly, Linda&nbsp;had a couple of falls, and she noticed her spatial awareness was off.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Things quietly got worse. Linda noticed she&nbsp;couldn\u2019t&nbsp;read letters clearly, her writing became&nbsp;merged&nbsp;and the double vision was getting&nbsp;worse. When she parked her car&nbsp;at an odd angle&nbsp;in a car park, she knew something was seriously wrong.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIt was so strange,\u201d Linda explains. \u201cDifferent things started to happen and in&nbsp;isolation, you could put it down to other things, but together, they added up to so much more.&nbsp;&nbsp;And&nbsp;then I started to forget things.&nbsp;I&nbsp;wouldn\u2019t&nbsp;be able to find the words I wanted to say, and I was getting lost in familiar places. I was really&nbsp;concerned that something was wrong.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linda was referred to a neurologist and&nbsp;at first,&nbsp;her symptoms were put down to getting older. However, a SPECT\u202fscan&nbsp;revealed she&nbsp;had&nbsp;posterior cortical atrophy (PCA),<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>an uncommon type of dementia, and Alzheimer\u2019s.&nbsp;It\u2019s&nbsp;caused by damage that builds up in the cells at the back of the brain,&nbsp;the area that processes what we see and helps us make sense of the world around us. For Linda, the world had slowly been slipping out of focus.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cEven though it felt&nbsp;like&nbsp;jigsaw pieces were now being put&nbsp;in the right place, it was still a shock. I gave up my&nbsp;job,&nbsp;I&nbsp;don\u2019t&nbsp;drive anymore &#8211;&nbsp;I\u2019m&nbsp;slowly losing&nbsp;my independence.&nbsp;It\u2019s&nbsp;like&nbsp;I\u2019m&nbsp;a child again.&nbsp;I\u2019ve&nbsp;stopped driving at night as I no longer feel safe.&nbsp;It\u2019s&nbsp;been&nbsp;very stressful&nbsp;on everyone, especially my husband.&nbsp;He\u2019s&nbsp;in the process of taking&nbsp;early retirement, and&nbsp;we\u2019ve&nbsp;decided to move into a property on one level,&nbsp;to reduce&nbsp;the&nbsp;risk of falls as my vision worsens.&nbsp;We\u2019ve&nbsp;just welcomed a new baby granddaughter, which is wonderful, but I am&nbsp;limited&nbsp;to holding whilst seated&nbsp;because&nbsp;I\u2019ve&nbsp;become&nbsp;unsteady. While I get lovely cuddles on&nbsp;the sofa,&nbsp;I&nbsp;want to do so much more and be more involved.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Every&nbsp;three&nbsp;seconds, someone in the world develops dementia.&nbsp;There is no cure, and treatments are limited. People with dementia may only begin to show signs of the disease 20 years after the changes in the brain start to occur, by which point treatment is far less successful. Early diagnosis is therefore imperative to allow us to give future patients a better chance against the disease.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Researchers at University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust,&nbsp;alongside teams at the University of Southampton,&nbsp;are&nbsp;attempting&nbsp;to change this through the&nbsp;READ-OUT study, which aims to&nbsp;identify&nbsp;blood tests&nbsp;to&nbsp;diagnose dementia more accurately and quickly than current methods.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Currently, most people are diagnosed using memory tests and brain scans. These are less&nbsp;accurate&nbsp;than \u2018gold standard\u2019 tests like PET scans or lumbar punctures, which can&nbsp;help to&nbsp;confirm what type of dementia they have. However, only 2% of people can access these specialist tests&nbsp;due to lack of availability.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Blood tests could&nbsp;provide&nbsp;a much easier way to diagnose people quickly and accurately at an earlier stage. This will help people access care and support, but also means the NHS is ready if new treatments are approved.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The&nbsp;READ-OUT&nbsp;study&nbsp;aims to&nbsp;identify&nbsp;the best set of biomarkers for&nbsp;diagnosing&nbsp;Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other types of dementia, including&nbsp;vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies.&nbsp;Participants give a blood sample which the team uses to&nbsp;select the most effective&nbsp;panel of&nbsp;biomarkers.&nbsp;&nbsp;It is led by Professor Vanessa Raymont at the University of Oxford and Southampton is a recruiting site,&nbsp;led by&nbsp;Professor Chris Kipps,&nbsp;Consultant Neurologist and Clinical Director for Research and Development at UHS&nbsp;and&nbsp;Professor of Clinical Neurology and Dementia at the University of Southampton.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prof Kipps&nbsp;says: \u201cSince dementia gets worse over time, we need to be able to give these treatments at the earliest possible stage, when they&nbsp;are likely to be most effective.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe can best do this if we know people are at an early stage of dementia. Blood tests could make this possible at the scale&nbsp;required&nbsp;and allow more people to get the care and support they need.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When Linda heard about the research, she&nbsp;didn\u2019t&nbsp;hesitate to take part. It gave her some comfort to know that her actions could help someone else in her position in the future. She completed a questionnaire and gave her blood samples to be analysed. She will do the same in a year.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIt\u2019s&nbsp;been difficult to come to terms with the fact that there is no treatment for me. I felt lost when I was given the diagnosis, as though I am on a long, lonely road. But while I know nothing can be done for me, I might be able to help people in the future.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf&nbsp;there\u2019s&nbsp;a chance this study can find a way of telling people earlier that they have dementia, we can give them more time with their families. Dementia is the forgotten disease. Other diseases get so much more attention \u2013 and funding \u2013 and dementia is left behind. The more I can do to change things, the better.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jay Amin,&nbsp;Associate Professor in Psychiatry of Older Age&nbsp;at the&nbsp;University of Southampton&nbsp;and the Memory Assessment and Research Centre&nbsp;at Hampshire and Isle of Wight Trust, is also involved in the study. He adds:&nbsp;\u201cIn recent years,&nbsp;a number of&nbsp;different blood tests that can diagnose Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other causes of dementia have shown very promising results in research settings.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cBut we know&nbsp;that dementia often involves multiple conditions, so a panel of biomarkers is needed&nbsp;to give the us the best possible chance of diagnosing it earlier.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe are currently still recruiting and then in&nbsp;the final&nbsp;two&nbsp;years&nbsp;of the study, we hope to&nbsp;run a clinical trial to explore how having a blood test for dementia affects diagnosis and quality of life.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"621\" src=\"https:\/\/fund.southampton.ac.uk\/innovation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/MIF-Case-Study-5-1024x621.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1730\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.6489696298719272;width:662px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fund.southampton.ac.uk\/innovation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/MIF-Case-Study-5-1024x621.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/fund.southampton.ac.uk\/innovation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/MIF-Case-Study-5-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fund.southampton.ac.uk\/innovation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/MIF-Case-Study-5-768x465.jpg 768w, https:\/\/fund.southampton.ac.uk\/innovation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/MIF-Case-Study-5-1536x931.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/fund.southampton.ac.uk\/innovation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/04\/MIF-Case-Study-5-2048x1241.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At 59, Linda Richardson was living an active life as a palliative care nurse and grandmother until subtle changes to her vision and memory began to take hold. 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